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[title] => Čitava ofenziva ovisi o detalju o kojem nitko i ne priča: ‘Civilima je teško razumjeti, a jedna stvar je ključna‘
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Nisu samo vojnici i oružje sa streljivom dovoljni da bi napad bio uspješan: od ključnog značaja je tehnička oprema koja pomaže da ukrajinska vojska otjera ruske snage iz ukopanih položaja.
Naime, tenkovi, raketni bacači i oklopna vozila zahtijevaju ogromnu logističku podršku, pa nema napredovanja bez cisterni za vodu i gorivo, sanitetskih kamiona, šlepera s pokretnim mostovima i oklopnim čistačima mina. Veliki broj oklopljenih vozila potreban je za dostavu streljiva, hrane, rezervnih dijelova i maziva na prve linije, upozoravaju stručnjaci, piše Jutarnji list.
Na popisima opreme koje Zapad šalje Ukrajini manje se spominju stavke poput osam vozila za logističku potporu, ili 18 oklopnih sustava za premošćivanje, koje su dobili od SAD-a. Teško je civilima zamisliti kolika je tu logistika potrebna, kaže za Wall Street Journal umirovljeni američki general Peter DeLuca, koji je služio u Inženjerskom korpusu. Primjerice, njemačko vozilo Bergepanzer 2 prošlog je tjedna izvuklo s bojišnice oštećeni tenk Leopard 2.
Ključ uspjeha
Ukrajinski napad zahtijeva više od tenkova i borbenih vozila, istaknuo je glavni tajnik NATO-a Jens Stoltenberg. "Iduća faza je probijanje kroz ruske obrambene linije, koje su gradili mjesecima", rekao je nedavno. Rusi su ojačali linije protutenkovskim jarcima, nadzemnim preprekama i minskim poljima.
Zato je Velika Britanija, primjerice, uz 14 tenkova Challenger 2, Ukrajini također poslala dva mobilna stroja za popravak (Challenger Armored Repair and Recovery Vehicles). To je modificirani tenk, s dizalicom i vitlom, koji može nositi rezervni tenkovski motor, s ekipom mehaničara. Takva oprema ključna je jer je u ofenzivi poput ove koju pokušava Ukrajina, brzina ključ uspjeha, ističe WSJ. Cilj Ukrajinaca je probiti linije i napredovati prije nego što Moskva uspije organizirati protunapad. Zadatak im je posebno izazovan, jer preko većeg dijela bojišnice moraju napredovati na otvorenom, bez potpore zrakoplova. Kad naiđu na prepreku, oprema za podršku postaje jednako odlučujuća kao i streljivo.
Kijev je od zapadnih saveznika dobio tenkove i druga oklopna vozila s posebnim priključcima za aktiviranje nagaznih mina, no ni to vojnike nije u potpunosti zaštitilo od njih. Sustavi oklopnih mostova ili borbeni buldožeri služe za osiguravanje prolaza ukrajinskih tenkova preko ruskih protutenkovskih jaraka.
"Borbena inženjerska oprema bit će ključna u probijanju ruske obrane", ističe Ben Barry, bivši britanski časnik, sada ekspert pri Međunarodnom institutu za strateške studije u Londonu.
Uska grla
Logistika je ključna i u slučaju uspješne ofenzive: tenkovi i drugo teško naoružanje troše enormne količine goriva. Prošlogodišnji ukrajinski napad na Harkiv djelomično je zatajio, navodi WSJ, jer su zalihe iscrpljene prije vremena. SAD je dao Ukrajini 89 cisterni za gorivo i 30 vozila za opskrbu artiljerijskim granatama.
Uspješne logističke operacije, s druge strane, stvaraju velike gužve u transportu. Ofenziva zahtijeva puna vozila u pravcu bojišta, koja se vraćaju prazna, često zagušujući uska grla, poput mostova ili očišćenih staza kroz minska polja. Zato nitko ne bi trebao podcijeniti zadatak koji je pred Ukrajincima, poručuje američki general DeLuca.
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Sastavljanje Leopard tenkova
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Nisu samo vojnici i oružje sa streljivom dovoljni da bi napad bio uspješan: od ključnog značaja je tehnička oprema koja pomaže da ukrajinska vojska otjera ruske snage iz ukopanih položaja.
Naime, tenkovi, raketni bacači i oklopna vozila zahtijevaju ogromnu logističku podršku, pa nema napredovanja bez cisterni za vodu i gorivo, sanitetskih kamiona, šlepera s pokretnim mostovima i oklopnim čistačima mina. Veliki broj oklopljenih vozila potreban je za dostavu streljiva, hrane, rezervnih dijelova i maziva na prve linije, upozoravaju stručnjaci, piše Jutarnji list.
Na popisima opreme koje Zapad šalje Ukrajini manje se spominju stavke poput osam vozila za logističku potporu, ili 18 oklopnih sustava za premošćivanje, koje su dobili od SAD-a. Teško je civilima zamisliti kolika je tu logistika potrebna, kaže za Wall Street Journal umirovljeni američki general Peter DeLuca, koji je služio u Inženjerskom korpusu. Primjerice, njemačko vozilo Bergepanzer 2 prošlog je tjedna izvuklo s bojišnice oštećeni tenk Leopard 2.
Ključ uspjeha
Ukrajinski napad zahtijeva više od tenkova i borbenih vozila, istaknuo je glavni tajnik NATO-a Jens Stoltenberg. "Iduća faza je probijanje kroz ruske obrambene linije, koje su gradili mjesecima", rekao je nedavno. Rusi su ojačali linije protutenkovskim jarcima, nadzemnim preprekama i minskim poljima.
Zato je Velika Britanija, primjerice, uz 14 tenkova Challenger 2, Ukrajini također poslala dva mobilna stroja za popravak (Challenger Armored Repair and Recovery Vehicles). To je modificirani tenk, s dizalicom i vitlom, koji može nositi rezervni tenkovski motor, s ekipom mehaničara. Takva oprema ključna je jer je u ofenzivi poput ove koju pokušava Ukrajina, brzina ključ uspjeha, ističe WSJ. Cilj Ukrajinaca je probiti linije i napredovati prije nego što Moskva uspije organizirati protunapad. Zadatak im je posebno izazovan, jer preko većeg dijela bojišnice moraju napredovati na otvorenom, bez potpore zrakoplova. Kad naiđu na prepreku, oprema za podršku postaje jednako odlučujuća kao i streljivo.
Kijev je od zapadnih saveznika dobio tenkove i druga oklopna vozila s posebnim priključcima za aktiviranje nagaznih mina, no ni to vojnike nije u potpunosti zaštitilo od njih. Sustavi oklopnih mostova ili borbeni buldožeri služe za osiguravanje prolaza ukrajinskih tenkova preko ruskih protutenkovskih jaraka.
"Borbena inženjerska oprema bit će ključna u probijanju ruske obrane", ističe Ben Barry, bivši britanski časnik, sada ekspert pri Međunarodnom institutu za strateške studije u Londonu.
Uska grla
Logistika je ključna i u slučaju uspješne ofenzive: tenkovi i drugo teško naoružanje troše enormne količine goriva. Prošlogodišnji ukrajinski napad na Harkiv djelomično je zatajio, navodi WSJ, jer su zalihe iscrpljene prije vremena. SAD je dao Ukrajini 89 cisterni za gorivo i 30 vozila za opskrbu artiljerijskim granatama.
Uspješne logističke operacije, s druge strane, stvaraju velike gužve u transportu. Ofenziva zahtijeva puna vozila u pravcu bojišta, koja se vraćaju prazna, često zagušujući uska grla, poput mostova ili očišćenih staza kroz minska polja. Zato nitko ne bi trebao podcijeniti zadatak koji je pred Ukrajincima, poručuje američki general DeLuca.
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11. svibanj 2024 16:26
